Integrated Care; Health Homes Definition
Purpose
Adults and children who receive integrated care experience improved healthcare quality, improved care experience, and improved clinical and non-clinical outcomes.Definition
Behavioral health providers can offer integrated care by fully integrating primary care into their existing program, establishing written agreements with a primary care provider located on-site, or establishing written agreements with a primary care provider located in the community.
One common model for providing integrated care is the Medicaid health home, which was established by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to coordinate health care for adults and children with chronic conditions.
The health home is a central point of contact responsible for facilitating access to and systematically coordinating a person’s behavioral, medical, and oral health care while linking them to needed community and social support services. Health homes are only available to individuals who meet specific eligibility criteria and include the following services:
- comprehensive care management;
- care coordination and health promotion;
- comprehensive transitional care, including appropriate follow-up from inpatient to other settings;
- individual and family support;
- referral to community and social support services, as applicable; and
- the use of health information technology (HIT) to link services.
Note: Throughout the ICHH standards, family involvement has been emphasized due to the impact family engagement has on resilience and recovery. However, family should be defined by the person and their involvement will vary given the age and preferences of the person and as permitted by law.
For example, due to the importance of family involvement in achieving positive outcomes for children, all aspects of service delivery should be family-driven when working with this population, accounting for the dynamics of the family and the needs of the child.
Note: Please see the ICHH Reference List for the research that informed the development of these standards.
Note: For information about changes made in the 2020 Edition, please see the ICHH Crosswalk.
Integrated Care; Health Homes (ICHH) 1: Person-Centered Logic Model
Logic models have been implemented for all programs and the organization has identified at least two outcomes for all its programs.
- Logic models need improvement or clarification; or
- Logic models are still under development for some of its programs, but are completed for all high-risk programs such as protective services, foster care, residential treatment, etc.; or
- At least one outcome has been identified for all of its programs.
- Logic models need significant improvement; or
- Logic models are still under development for a majority of programs; or
- A logic model has not been developed for one or more high-risk programs; or
- Outcomes have not been identified for one or more programs.
- Logic models have not been developed or implemented; or
- Outcomes have not been identified for any programs.
ICHH 1.01
- needs the program will address;
- available human, financial, organizational, and community resources (i.e. inputs);
- program activities intended to bring about desired results;
- program outputs (i.e. the size and scope of services delivered);
- desired outcomes (i.e. the changes you expect to see in individuals and families); and
- expected long-term impact on the organization, community, and/or system.
Examples: Information that may be used to inform the development of the program logic model includes, but is not limited to:
- characteristics of the service population;
- needs assessments and periodic reassessments; and
- the best available evidence of service effectiveness.
ICHH 1.02
- change in clinical status;
- change in functional status;
- health, welfare, and safety;
- permanency of life situation;
- quality of life;
- achievement of individual service goals;
- access to needed health care and social services;
- treatment adherence and self-management of chronic conditions; and
- other outcomes as appropriate to the program or service population.
Interpretation: Outcomes data should be disaggregated to identify patterns of disparity or inequity that can be masked by aggregate data reporting. See PQI 5.02 for more information on disaggregating data to track and monitor identified outcomes.
- body mass index;
- screening for clinical depression;
- hospital admissions and readmissions;
- emergency room visits;
- skilled nursing facility admissions;
- initiation and engagement of alcohol and other drug use treatment;
- tobacco use;
- appointment attendance; and
- measures related to chronic medical conditions (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, and asthma) including symptom control.
- body mass index;
- immunization status;
- well-child visits;
- school attendance;
- placement disruptions in child welfare;
- juvenile justice recidivism;
- residential placements;
- hospital admissions and readmissions;
- measures related to chronic conditions such as asthma, diabetes, and ADHD; and
- other clinical and functional outcomes found on standardized, child-oriented tools such as the Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS).
Integrated Care; Health Homes (ICHH) 2: Personnel
- With some exceptions, staff (direct service providers, supervisors, and program managers) possess the required qualifications, but the integrity of the service is not compromised; or
- Supervisors provide additional support and oversight, as needed, to the few staff without the listed qualifications; or
- Most staff who do not meet educational requirements are seeking to obtain them; or
- With few exceptions, staff have received required training, including applicable specialized training; or
- Training curricula are not fully developed or lack depth; or
- Training documentation is consistently maintained and kept up-to-date with some exceptions; or
- A substantial number of supervisors meet the requirements of the standard, and the organization provides training and/or consultation to improve competencies when needed; or
- With few exceptions, caseload sizes are consistently maintained as required by the standards or as required by internal policy when caseload has not been set by a standard; or
- Workloads are such that staff can effectively accomplish their assigned tasks and provide quality services and are adjusted as necessary; or
- Specialized services are obtained as required by the standards.
- A significant number of staff (direct service providers, supervisors, and program managers) do not possess the required qualifications and, as a result, the integrity of the service may be compromised; or
- Job descriptions typically do not reflect the requirements of the standards, and/or hiring practices do not document efforts to hire staff with required qualifications when vacancies occur; or
- Supervisors do not typically provide additional support and oversight to staff without the listed qualifications; or
- A significant number of staff have not received required training, including applicable specialized training; or
- Training documentation is poorly maintained; or
- A significant number of supervisors do not meet the requirements of the standard, and the organization makes little effort to provide training and/or consultation to improve competencies; or
- There are numerous instances where caseload sizes exceed the standards' requirements or the requirements of internal policy when a caseload size is not set by the standard; or
- Workloads are excessive, and the integrity of the service may be compromised; or
- Specialized staff are typically not retained as required and/or many do not possess the required qualifications; or
- Specialized services are infrequently obtained as required by the standards.
ICHH 2.01
- effectively communicating and coordinating care across disciplines, systems, and services;
- applicable evidence-based or culturally-relevant, evidence-supported practices;
- physical health issues and social factors commonly associated with mental health or substance use conditions;
- health conditions and treatment responses particular to the service population;
- chronic disease management, including promoting self-management;
- developing person- or family-centered care plans; and
- using health information technology to link services and facilitate collaboration among providers, the person, and their family.
ICHH 2.02
- clearly defines their roles and responsibilities;
- includes peer support staff as equal partners on the care planning team;
- helps other program personnel understand the position and its purpose at the program;
- establishes guidelines for recruitment and selection;
- ensures peer support staff are trained to perform their roles and responsibilities;
- provides ongoing support and supervision to address any issues that occur, including helping peer support staff manage personal triggers that may arise on the job; and
- facilitates opportunities for peer support staff to connect and consult with others performing similar roles.
Organizations may also use other terms to refer to peer support staff such as peer support specialists, recovery coaches, peer navigators, peer/family partners, parent peer specialists, youth advocates, family advocates, family mentors, and/or family liaisons.
ICHH 2.03
- assigning the care planning team at intake or early in the contact; and
- minimizing the number of workers assigned to the individual or family during their contact with the organization.
ICHH 2.04
- the qualifications, competencies, and experience of the worker including the level of supervision needed;
- services provided by other professionals or team members;
- the work and time required to accomplish assigned tasks and job responsibilities; and
- service volume, accounting for the assessed level of needs of individuals and families.
Integrated Care; Health Homes (ICHH) 3: Administrative Practices
- Minor inconsistencies and not yet fully developed practices are noted; however, these do not significantly impact service quality; or
- Procedures need strengthening; or
- With few exceptions, procedures are understood by staff and are being used; or
- For the most part, established timeframes are met; or
- Proper documentation is the norm and any issues with individual staff members are being addressed through performance evaluations and training; or
- Active participation of persons served occurs to a considerable extent.
- Procedures and/or case record documentation need significant strengthening; or
- Procedures are not well-understood or used appropriately; or
- Timeframes are often missed; or
- Several case records are missing important information; or
- Participation of persons served is inconsistent.
- No written procedures, or procedures are clearly inadequate or not being used; or
- Documentation is routinely incomplete and/or missing.
ICHH 3.01
ICHH 3.02
- the scope of services offered directly by the organization;
- how information will be shared both internally and externally among collaborating providers; and
- the nature of the relationship that exists between providers when direct services are provided through contract or other agreement between separate legal entities.
ICHH 3.03
- capture physical health, behavioral health, and community and social support information;
- link services including shared access to the person's health information and effective communication across disciplines, systems, and services;
- organize, track, and analyze critical program information or data including referrals and needed follow-up, engagement or participation in services, and progress in treatment;
- satisfy applicable reporting requirements; and
- support billing and other administrative functions.
Integrated Care; Health Homes (ICHH) 4: Intake and Assessment
- Minor inconsistencies and not yet fully developed practices are noted; however, these do not significantly impact service quality; or
- Procedures need strengthening; or
- With few exceptions, procedures are understood by staff and are being used; or
- In a few rare instances, urgent needs were not prioritized; or
- For the most part, established timeframes are met; or
- Culturally responsive assessments are the norm and any issues with individual staff members are being addressed through performance evaluations and training; or
- Active participation of persons served occurs to a considerable extent.
- Procedures and/or case record documentation need significant strengthening; or
- Procedures are not well-understood or used appropriately; or
- Urgent needs are often not prioritized; or
- Services are frequently not initiated in a timely manner; or
- Applicants are not receiving referrals, as appropriate; or
- Assessment and reassessment timeframes are often missed; or
- Assessment are sometimes not sufficiently individualized;
- Culturally responsive assessments are not the norm, and this is not being addressed in supervision or training; or
- Several case records are missing important information; or
- Participation of persons served is inconsistent; or
- Intake or assessment is done by another organization or referral source and no documentation and/or summary of required information is present in case record.
- There are no written procedures, or procedures are clearly inadequate or not being used; or
- Documentation is routinely incomplete and/or missing.
ICHH 4.01
- how well their request matches the organization’s services; and
- what services will be available and when.
ICHH 4.02
- gather information necessary to identify critical service needs and/or determine when a more intensive service is necessary;
- identify emergency situations and facilitate immediate access to stabilization and harm reduction activities;
- give priority to urgent needs including access to expedited assessment and care planning;
- support timely initiation of services for routine needs; and
- provide for placement on a waiting list or timely referral to appropriate resources when people cannot be served or cannot be served promptly.
ICHH 4.03
Interpretation: The Assessment Matrix - Private, Public, Canadian, Network determines which level of assessment is required for COA Accreditation’s Service Sections. The assessment elements of the Matrix can be tailored according to the needs and preferences of specific individuals and service design.
ICHH 4.04
- social factors that may influence overall health including housing instability, food insecurity, unemployment, financial insecurity, social supports, systems involvement, and any other factors known to be impacting individuals and families;
- the person's behavioral health, physical health, and community and social support service needs and goals;
- history of trauma;
- risk of suicide, self-injury, withdrawal or overdose, neglect, exploitation, and violence towards others;
- individual and family values, preferences, strengths, risks, and protective factors; and
- the impact of the individual’s health care needs on the family unit.
ICHH 4.05
- medical and/or clinical case records;
- the results of screening tools; and
- relevant content from assessments.
- gaps in information;
- out-of-date information; and
- information that can be used to minimize duplication of effort.
ICHH 4.06
Integrated Care; Health Homes (ICHH) 5: Care Planning and Monitoring
- Minor inconsistencies and not yet fully developed practices are noted; however, these do not significantly impact service quality; or
- Procedures need strengthening; or
- With few exceptions, procedures are understood by staff and are being used; or
- For the most part, established timeframes are met; or
- Proper documentation is the norm and any issues with individual staff members are being addressed through performance evaluations and training; or
- With few exceptions, staff work with persons served, when appropriate, to help them receive needed support, access services, mediate barriers, etc.; or
- Active participation of persons served occurs to a considerable extent.
- Procedures and/or case record documentation need significant strengthening; or
- Procedures are not well-understood or used appropriately; or
- Timeframes are often missed; or
- Case reviews are not being done consistently; or
- Level of care for some people is clearly inappropriate; or
- Service planning is often done without full participation of persons served; or
- Appropriate family involvement is not documented; or
- Documentation is routinely incomplete and/or missing; or
- Individual staff members work with persons served, when appropriate, to help them receive needed support, access services, mediate barriers, etc., but this is the exception.
- No written procedures, or procedures are clearly inadequate or not being used; or
- Documentation is routinely incomplete and/or missing.
ICHH 5.01
- the person's behavioral health, physical health, and community and social support service needs and goals, including those related to social factors impacting their overall health and wellbeing;
- steps for working toward the achievement of desired goals including timeframes where appropriate;
- services and supports to be provided, and by whom;
- agreed-upon timelines for conducting regular case reviews; and
- documentation of the individual’s or family’s participation in care planning.
ICHH 5.02
- is individualized and centered around strengths;
- identifies individualized warning signs of a crisis;
- identifies coping strategies and sources of support that can be implemented during a suicidal crisis, as appropriate;
- specifies interventions that may or may not be implemented to help the individual or family de-escalate and promote stabilization; and
- does not include “no-suicide” or “no-harm” contracts.
Interpretation: For organizations serving children and youth, when safety issues are identified, the organization:
- involves supervisory personnel in reviewing safety concerns and plans; and
- reports safety concerns following mandated reporting requirements.
Examples: Components of a safety plan can also include: internal coping strategies, socialization strategies for distraction and support, family and social contacts for assistance, professional and agency contacts, and lethal means restriction.
Examples: Warning signs for people assessed as being at high risk for suicide can include a missed appointment or significant change in status, and personnel may conduct active outreach and service engagement strategies such as phone calls, text messages, or home visits until contact is made.
Examples: Safety plans may look different depending on the specific needs of the individual or family. For example, safety plans for survivors of domestic violence may focus on helping people prepare for immediate escape, while safety plans for people at risk for suicide may address coping strategies and sources of support, such as socialization strategies for distraction and support, family and social contacts for assistance, professional and agency contacts, and lethal means restriction. Organizations may also provide family members with information on crisis prevention. For example, Mental Health First Aid is a one-day training that can prepare someone to recognize, understand, and respond to a person’s mental health crisis.
ICHH 5.03
- determine the continued accuracy of the assessment;
- assess care plan implementation;
- evaluate the person’s continued engagement in their treatment;
- review progress toward achieving goals and desired outcomes; and
- determine the continuing appropriateness of agreed-upon service goals.
ICHH 5.04
- are determined collaboratively by the individual or family and the care coordinator;
- consider the issues, preferences, and needs of the person; and
- align with the frequency and intensity of services provided.
Integrated Care; Health Homes (ICHH) 6: Care Coordination
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- Minor inconsistencies and not yet fully developed practices are noted; however, these do not significantly impact service quality; or
- Procedures need strengthening; or
- With few exceptions, procedures are understood by staff and are being used; or
- For the most part, established timeframes are met; or
- Proper documentation is the norm and any issues with individual staff members are being addressed through performance evaluations and training; or
- Active participation of persons served occurs to a considerable extent.
- Procedures and/or case record documentation need significant strengthening; or
- Procedures are not well-understood or used appropriately; or
- Timeframes are often missed; or
- Several case records are missing important information; or
- Participation of persons served is inconsistent.
- No written procedures, or procedures are clearly inadequate or not being used; or
- Documentation is routinely incomplete and/or missing.
ICHH 6.01
- a designated care coordinator with qualifications appropriate to the needs of the identified service population;
- a primary care professional such as a physician’s assistant or nurse practitioner with access to a physician for needed consultation;
- a behavioral health professional such as a social worker, psychologist, or other licensed clinician with access to a psychiatrist for needed consultation;
- the individual or family; and
- other providers and supports based on the needs and preferences of the individual.
ICHH 6.02
ICHH 6.03
- establishing partnerships and coordination procedures with direct service providers in the community;
- establishing communication procedures with individuals and families and across disciplines, both internally and externally;
- maintaining a comprehensive, up-to-date referral list;
- removing barriers to the initiation of needed services including taking advantage of telehealth services to increase access to needed specialists;
- providing a warm handoff whenever possible when linking the individual to needed services; and
- assisting the person with system navigation.
- preventative and health promotion services;
- mental health and substance use services;
- comprehensive care management, care coordination, and transitional care;
- chronic disease management, including self-management;
- recovery services;
- housing, entitlement, vocational, and other community and social support services;
- peer support services; and
- long-term care supports and services.
ICHH 6.04
- ensure the service was received;
- identify any needed follow-up; and
- make needed changes to the care plan in partnership with the individual or family.
ICHH 6.05
- coordinating information sharing and service provision with providers and the person;
- developing, or supporting the development of, a comprehensive discharge or transition plan with steps for follow-up;
- providing expedited discharge planning and follow-up when suicide or overdose risks are present; and
- facilitating face-to-face interactions between providers, whenever possible.
Examples: Admission-Discharge Transfer (ADT) systems embedded in electronic health records are an effective way to manage movement between healthcare facilities and ensure continuity of care and the efficient transfer of relevant health information between care providers.
ICHH 6.06
- conducts medication reconciliation and adherence; or
- tracks that it is being done by another provider as part of their care coordination activities.
ICHH 6.07
- linkages to community providers as well as completed follow-up;
- communication with partnering providers both internally and externally; and
- communication with individuals and families.
Integrated Care; Health Homes (ICHH) 7: Health Promotion
- Minor inconsistencies and not yet fully developed practices are noted; however, these do not significantly impact service quality; or
- Procedures need strengthening; or
- With few exceptions, procedures are understood by staff and are being used; or
- For the most part, established timeframes are met; or
- Proper documentation is the norm and any issues with individual staff members are being addressed through performance evaluations and training; or
- Active participation of persons served occurs to a considerable extent.
- Procedures and/or case record documentation need significant strengthening; or
- Procedures are not well-understood or used appropriately; or
- Timeframes are often missed; or
- Several case records are missing important information; or
- Participation of persons served is inconsistent.
- No written procedures, or procedures are clearly inadequate or not being used; or
- Documentation is routinely incomplete and/or missing.
ICHH 7.01
ICHH 7.02
- individual characteristics, abilities, and preferences; and
- evidence-based or culturally-relevant, evidence-supported practices and concepts.
ICHH 7.03
ICHH 7.04
- connecting individuals and families to informal support systems in their community; and
- educating individuals and families on where to access needed services.